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SMS ''Oldenburg'' was the fourth vessel of the of battleships of the German Imperial Navy. ''Oldenburg''s keel was laid in October 1908 at the ''Kaiserliche Werft'' dockyard in Wilhelmshaven. She was launched on 30 September 1909 and was commissioned into the fleet on 1 May 1912. The ship was equipped with twelve guns in six twin turrets, and had a top speed of . ''Oldenburg'' was assigned to the I Battle Squadron of the High Seas Fleet for the majority of her career, including World War I. Along with her three sister ships, , , and , ''Oldenburg'' participated in all of the major fleet operations of World War I in the North Sea against the British Grand Fleet, including the Battle of Jutland on 31 May and 1 June 1916, the largest naval battle of the war. The ship also saw action in the Baltic Sea against the Imperial Russian Navy. She was present during the unsuccessful first incursion into the Gulf of Riga in August 1915, though she saw no combat during the operation. After the German collapse in November 1918, most of the High Seas Fleet was interned and then scuttled in Scapa Flow during the peace negotiations. The four ''Helgoland''-class ships were allowed to remain in Germany but eventually ceded to the victorious Allied powers as war reparations; ''Oldenburg'' was given to Japan, which sold the vessel to a British ship-breaking firm in 1920. She was broken up for scrap in Dordrecht in 1921. == Construction == (詳細はcoastal defense ship . The contract for the ship was awarded to the Schichau-Werke shipyard in Danzig under construction number 828. Her three sisters had been ordered for 1908, but because of budget constraints, ''Oldenburg'' order was delayed to 1909. Admiral Alfred von Tirpitz, the State Secretary of the Navy, gave the contract to Schichau before the 1909 budget had been approved, and the shipbuilder began stockpiling materials to build the ship. This gave the impression that Germany was building more battleships than publicly admitted, which prompted a naval scare in Britain. The British public demanded "we want eight (battleships ) and we won't wait", and in the span of a year eight new battleships had been laid down in Britain, a major escalation in the international naval arms race. Work began on 1 March 1909 with the laying of her keel, and the ship was launched a little more than a year later on 30 June 1910. Duchess Sophia Charlotte of Oldenburg christened her, and Friedrich August, the Grand Duke of Oldenburg, gave the speech. After launching, the incomplete ship was transferred to Kiel for fitting-out, including completion of the superstructure and the installation of armament, until August 1911. Named for the Duchy of Oldenburg in northern Germany, the ship was commissioned into the High Seas Fleet on 1 May 1912, just over three years after work commenced, at a cost of 45.801 million gold marks. The ship was long, had a beam of and a draft of , and displaced at full load. She was powered by three vertical triple expansion steam engines and fifteen water-tube boilers. The engines were rated at and were capable of producing a top speed of . ''Oldenburg'' stored up to of coal, allowing her to steam for at a speed of . After 1915 the boilers were modified to burn oil, which would be sprayed on the coal to increase its burn rate; the ship could carry up to . ''Oldenburg'' had a crew of 42 officers and 1,027 enlisted men. ''Oldenburg'' was armed with a main battery of twelve guns in six twin gun turrets, with one turret fore, one aft, and two on each flank of the ship. The ship's secondary armament consisted of fourteen SK L/45 guns and fourteen SK L/45 guns. After 1914, two of the 8.8 cm guns were removed and replaced by 8.8 cm anti-aircraft guns; later, an additional two 8.8 cm guns were replaced with anti-aircraft guns. This brought the total number of 8.8 cm SK L/45 guns to ten, and the number of 8.8 cm anti-aircraft guns to four. ''Oldenburg'' was also armed with six submerged torpedo tubes; one was in the bow, one in the stern, and two on each broadside. She was protected a main belt that was thick, with the same thickness of armor on her main battery turrets. She had a deck that was thick. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「SMS Oldenburg」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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